Understanding Feline Idiopathic Cystitis (FIC): A Guide for Cat Owners
Being told your cat has feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) can feel stressful and overwhelming. Because stress plays a role in this condition, many carers worry they may be doing something wrong. Please be reassured: FIC is can be complex and not caused by one single factor.
FIC can develop due to a combination of things such as:
A cat’s personality and sensitivity to stress
Early life experiences
Genetics and how genes are “switched on or off”
Other health challenges, such as tummy problems or allergies, which can add to a cat’s overall stress level
Some cats are thought to be more at risk, including:
Indoor-only cats
Overweight cats
Signs to Watch For
Recognising early signs is very important. Some cats with urinary discomfort may look like they are constipated, so changes can be missed.
Signs to look out for include:
Straining in the litter tray
Crying or over-vocalising when toileting
Passing only small drops or spots of urine
Going in and out of the litter tray repeatedly
Using clumping litter can help you notice changes more easily and also makes trays easier to keep clean though they will still need to be washed out and dried weekly.
Reducing Stress at Home
Because stress can trigger flare-ups, making small changes at home can really help.
Medication stress
Some medicines taste bitter and can cause anxiety
Using tiny gelatine capsules (size 5) with pill putty may help
If possible, combining medications into one dose may reduce stress - always speak to your vet they are there to help
Environmental stressors
Other cats coming into the garden can be upsetting
Window frosting can block the view while still letting light in
Litter trays placed in busy or noisy areas
Too few litter trays or competition between cats
Litter tray liners or strong deodorisers (many cats dislike these)
Food bowls placed near windows where unfamiliar cats may be seen
Activity and enrichment
Lack of play or stimulation - play with your cat while you are waiting for the kettle to boil. Here is a great handout
Pain or mobility issues that make play difficult - ensure it is done on a non shiny slippy surface
Not having high resting or lookout spots
Gentle, appropriate play is very important (especially for indoor cats)
Food and Water Placement
Cats are very sensitive to smells and location:
Food and water bowls should not be near litter trays
Food and water are often better placed separately
Some cats dislike plastic bowls because they can affect the smell
Encouraging Your Cat to Drink More
Increasing water intake is an important way to support cats with urinary problems.
Things that can help:
Metal or ceramic bowls with wide rims
Filtered water
Water fountains (remember to clean and change filters regularly)
Adding a little tuna juice in spring water (not brine)
Raised water bowls for cats with mobility issues
Collecting Urine Samples at Home
If your vet asks you to collect a urine sample:
Hydrophobic (non-absorbent) litter has a sand-like texture
Many cats are happier using this compared to plastic pellets
Extra Support for Owners
Vet visits can be emotional, and it’s normal to feel overwhelmed or forget information. Written handouts can be very helpful to take home and read later.
You may also find these resources useful:
International Cat Care – practical guidance for managing urinary conditions at home
Sarah Caney’s book: Caring for a Cat with Lower Urinary Tract Disease